G.R. No. 123456
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, vs. JUAN DELA CRUZ, Accused-Appellant.

Ponente: J. Reyes

FACTS

Accused-appellant Juan Dela Cruz was charged with the crime of Robbery with Homicide under Article 294 of the Revised Penal Code. The prosecution alleged that on January 15, 2018, in Quezon City, Dela Cruz, armed with a knife, entered the residence of the victim, Pedro Santos, and took cash and jewelry. During the robbery, Santos resisted, and Dela Cruz stabbed him, causing his death.

The prosecution presented an eyewitness, Maria Reyes, a neighbor who testified that she saw Dela Cruz fleeing the scene with a bloodied knife. The defense, however, presented an alibi, claiming that Dela Cruz was in a different city attending a family reunion at the time of the crime. The trial court found the alibi weak and convicted Dela Cruz, sentencing him to reclusion perpetua and ordering him to pay civil indemnity, moral damages, and exemplary damages to the victim’s heirs.

Dela Cruz appealed, arguing that the prosecution failed to prove his guilt beyond reasonable doubt and that the trial court erred in giving credence to the eyewitness testimony, which he claimed was inconsistent and unreliable.

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ISSUES

1. Whether the prosecution proved the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt.
2. Whether the eyewitness testimony is credible and sufficient to sustain a conviction.
3. Whether the defense of alibi should be given weight.

RULING

1. The prosecution proved the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt.
The Court affirmed the conviction, holding that the positive identification by the eyewitness, Maria Reyes, prevailed over the accused’s denial and alibi. Reyes testified in a clear, consistent, and straightforward manner, and her testimony was corroborated by physical evidence, including the recovery of the knife with the victim’s blood and the stolen items in Dela Cruz’s possession.

2. The eyewitness testimony is credible and sufficient to sustain a conviction.
The Court found no material inconsistency in Reyes’s testimony. Minor discrepancies, such as the exact time of the incident, do not affect the credibility of a witness but may even indicate truthfulness. The witness had no motive to falsely testify against the accused, and her testimony was given in a natural and spontaneous manner.

3. The defense of alibi is weak and cannot prevail over positive identification.
For alibi to prosper, the accused must prove not only that he was elsewhere when the crime was committed but also that it was physically impossible for him to be at the scene of the crime. Dela Cruz failed to establish physical impossibility, as the distance between the crime scene and his alleged location was not insurmountable. Alibi is inherently weak and easily fabricated, and it must yield to positive identification.

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DISPOSITIVE PORTION

WHEREFORE, the appeal is DISMISSED. The Decision of the Regional Trial Court convicting accused-appellant Juan Dela Cruz of Robbery with Homicide and sentencing him to reclusion perpetua is AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION. Accused-appellant is ordered to pay the heirs of Pedro Santos the following amounts:
– Civil Indemnity: ₱75,000.00
– Moral Damages: ₱75,000.00
– Exemplary Damages: ₱75,000.00
– Temperate Damages: ₱50,000.00
– Actual Damages: ₱25,000.00
– Interest at 6% per annum on all damages from the date of finality of this decision until fully paid.

SO ORDERED.