Civil Law

SUBJECT: The Rule on ‘The Subsidiary Liability’ in Criminal Cases (Article 103, RPC) I. Introduction This memorandum provides an exhaustive analysis of the rule on subsidiary […]

SUBJECT: The Concept of ‘The Primary and Direct Liability’ of Employers I. Introduction This memorandum exhaustively examines the concept of primary and direct liability of employers […]

SUBJECT: The Rule on ‘The Defense of Exercise of Diligence’ of a Good Father I. Introduction This memorandum exhaustively examines the defense of diligentissimi patris familias […]

SUBJECT: The Concept of ‘The Liability of Owners of Motor Vehicles’ I. Introduction This memorandum provides an exhaustive analysis of the concept of the liability of […]

SUBJECT: The Rule on ‘The Liability of the State’ for Acts of Special Agents I. Introduction This memorandum exhaustively examines the rule governing the liability of […]

SUBJECT: The Concept of ‘The Liability of Schools and Teachers’ (Article 2180) I. Introduction This memorandum provides an exhaustive analysis of the concept of liability for […]

SUBJECT: The Rule on ‘The Liability of Guardians’ for Persons under their Authority I. Introduction This memorandum exhaustively examines the rule governing the liability of guardians […]

SUBJECT: The Rule on ‘The Efficient Intervening Cause’ (Novus Actus Interveniens) I. Introduction This memorandum provides an exhaustive analysis of the rule on novus actus interveniens, […]

SUBJECT: The Concept of ‘The Burden of Proof’ in Negligence Cases I. Introduction This memorandum provides an exhaustive analysis of the concept of the burden of […]