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SUBJECT: Mirror Doctrine in Land Titles I. INTRODUCTION The Mirror Doctrine, a cornerstone of the Torrens system of land registration, posits that a certificate of title […]

SUBJECT: Torrens System of Land Registration I. INTRODUCTION The Torrens System of Land Registration, adopted in the Philippines through Act No. 496 (now Presidential Decree No. […]

SUBJECT: Probate of Will and Executor Duties I. INTRODUCTION This memo outlines the legal framework governing the probate of wills and the corresponding duties and responsibilities […]

SUBJECT: The Iron Curtain Rule in Succession I. INTRODUCTION The “Iron Curtain Rule,” embodied in Article 992 of the Civil Code, is a fundamental principle in […]

SUBJECT: Compulsory and Testamentary Succession I. INTRODUCTION This memo outlines the fundamental principles governing compulsory and testamentary succession under Philippine Civil Law. Compulsory succession mandates the […]

SUBJECT: Legitimate vs Illegitimate Filiation I. INTRODUCTION This memo outlines the fundamental distinctions between legitimate and illegitimate filiation under Philippine Civil Law, primarily governed by the […]

SUBJECT: Psychological Incapacity under Article 36 I. INTRODUCTION This memo outlines the legal framework and jurisprudential interpretation of “psychological incapacity” as a ground for declaring a […]

SUBJECT: Grounds for Legal Separation vs Annulment I. INTRODUCTION This memo outlines the fundamental distinctions between legal separation and annulment under Philippine Civil Law, specifically concerning […]

SUBJECT: Absolute Community of Property I. INTRODUCTION The Absolute Community of Property (ACP) is the default property regime for marriages solemnized under the Family Code of […]