G.R. No. RTJ-10-2257; July 17, 2012
Criselda C. Gacad vs. Judge Hilarion P. Clapis, Jr.

FACTS

Complainant Criselda C. Gacad filed an administrative complaint against Judge Hilarion P. Clapis, Jr. for Grave Misconduct, Corrupt Practices, and Gross Ignorance of the Law concerning Criminal Case No. 6898 for murder. Gacad alleged that Provincial Prosecutor Graciano Arafol, Jr., while handling the case against the accused who killed her brother, solicited P50,000 from her to be given to Judge Clapis to ensure the denial of the accused’s Motion for Reinvestigation. A meeting was arranged at a hotel in Tagum City where Gacad, Arafol, and Judge Clapis were present. During this meeting, Arafol explicitly discussed the need to deny the reinvestigation and assured the Judge that money was prepared. Judge Clapis responded, “Okay, leave it all to me, we shall crush them.” The money was subsequently handed by Gacad’s driver to Arafol, who then met with Judge Clapis at a coffee bar. An Order dated January 4, 2010, denying the Motion for Reinvestigation, was later issued by Judge Clapis. Furthermore, Arafol later informed Gacad that Judge Clapis was borrowing an additional P50,000, offering a postdated check as assurance, which Gacad did not provide. Gacad also cited a prior case where a similar pattern of solicitation for dismissal allegedly occurred.

ISSUE

Whether Judge Hilarion P. Clapis, Jr. is administratively liable for Gross Misconduct and Gross Ignorance of the Law warranting dismissal from service.

RULING

Yes, the Supreme Court found Judge Clapis guilty of Gross Misconduct and Gross Ignorance of the Law and ordered his dismissal. On Gross Misconduct, the Court ruled that the detailed narration of events, including the hotel meeting where the bribe was discussed and the subsequent denial of the reinvestigation, constituted clear and convincing evidence of corruption. Judge Clapis’s active participation in the solicitation scheme, as evidenced by his statements and his meeting with Arafol after the money was collected, violated the Code of Judicial Conduct requiring judges to avoid impropriety and the appearance thereof. His defense consisted merely of a bare denial, which could not overcome the positive and categorical testimonies and affidavits presented by the complainant. On Gross Ignorance of the Law, the Court found that Judge Clapis exhibited a blatant disregard for procedural rules. He scheduled hearings without proper written notices, set a preliminary conference nearly a year in advance, and granted bail without conducting a proper hearing where the prosecution could present its evidence. These actions demonstrated a fundamental ignorance of basic criminal procedure. Gross Misconduct, being a grave offense, and Gross Ignorance of the Law, when deliberate, are both punishable by dismissal. The Court emphasized that the conduct of a judge must be beyond reproach, and any act of corruption erodes public confidence in the judiciary. Consequently, Judge Clapis was dismissed from service with forfeiture of all benefits (except accrued leave credits) and perpetual disqualification from reemployment in any government office. The Court also referred the matter concerning Prosecutor Arafol to the Department of Justice for investigation.